Sources:
Emissions from vehicles, industrial processes, power plants, and natural sources (e.g., wildfires, volcanic activity).
Pollutants:
Particulate matter (PM), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3).
Impacts:
Respiratory diseases (e.g., asthma, lung cancer), cardiovascular diseases, environmental damage, climate change.
Industrial discharges, agricultural runoff containing pesticides and fertilizers, untreated sewage, oil spills.
Chemical pollutants (heavy metals, pesticides), nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus), pathogens.
Contamination of drinking water, destruction of aquatic ecosystems, harm to aquatic life, compromised human health.
Industrial waste, agricultural chemicals, improper disposal of hazardous waste.
Heavy metals, pesticides, industrial chemicals.
Soil degradation, reduced fertility, contamination of crops, harm to plants and animals.
Excessive artificial lighting from streetlights, buildings, and outdoor advertising.
Skyglow, glare, light trespass.
Disruption of natural ecosystems, negative effects on human health and circadian rhythms, interference with astronomical observations.
Addressing pollution involves a combination of regulations, technological advancements, public awareness, and sustainable practices to mitigate its adverse effects on the environment and human health.